
In chip supply chains, the hardest link is rarely the visible one
Public attention goes to process nodes and raw performance, while the real constraints sit in materials, equipment and accumulated process knowledge.
Progress and bottlenecks across manufacturing, energy and frontier technology supply chains.

Public attention goes to process nodes and raw performance, while the real constraints sit in materials, equipment and accumulated process knowledge.

With range and acceleration no longer differentiators, supply chain efficiency and after-sales networks decide who succeeds.

As demand for compute grows, power supply and cooling conditions have become hard constraints on where facilities can go.